The Local Self Government:
Panchayati Raj:- There are three institutions working for the development of the rural areas. The Village Panchayat the village level, the Block Samity at the block level and the Zila Parishad at the district level. These three institutions of the local government form the Panchayati Raj.
Some Other Important facts about Panchayati Raj:
(1) Under the 73rd amendment of Indian Constitution (1992) a three tier Panchayati Raj Organisation has been started in whole India. Provision of Panchayat Elections after 5 years has been made.
(2) The Panchayati Raj Organisation in India inaugrated from Rajasthan (Nagaur) on 20 October 1959 by Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru.
(3) Panchayati Raj Organisation was started due to the recommendations of Balvant Rai Mehta Committee.
The Local Bodies of Cities
(Municipalities and Municipal Corporation)
The local bodies of cities are called Municipalities and Municipal Committees. These are established by - making a-law by the state legislature.
1. Municipal Corporation:- The member or the councilors of the Municipal Corporations are elected by the adult franchise. These representatives elect special members called the elderman. M.C.D. itself imposes and collects taxes and gets annual financial grant from the state government. Its political head is called the Mahapaur or the Mayor. Mayor is elected by members of the Municipal Corporation among themselves. Its Chief administrator is palled the Commissioner. He is appointed by the state government. Delhi Municipal Corporation has 130 members. In India the first Municipal Corporation was formed in Madras.
2. Municipality:- Small cities or towns have municipalities. These are also established like Municipal Corporations by making a law by state legislature. Its Chief Officer is called the Chairman of the Municipality. The members of a municipality are mostly elected by the people of city. The number usually varies between 15 to 60 All these members have the same qualifications as which are essential to become a member of Lok Sabha or Vidhan Sabha. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru himself worked as the Chairman of the Allahabad Municipal Committee during the British Rule.
The functions of Municipal Corporation and the Muncipalities:- Health and other utility services like Cleanliness, Roads, Drainage, Public Convenience, Public Education and Water supply.
Optional Functions:- Maintenance of fire engines, Construction of parks, museums and toilets.
Sources of Income:- Terminal tax or octroi, Property Tax, House Tax, Tax on business and professions etc. By 74th amendment the provision of the elected city local self-government has been made in 1992.
Panchayati Raj:- There are three institutions working for the development of the rural areas. The Village Panchayat the village level, the Block Samity at the block level and the Zila Parishad at the district level. These three institutions of the local government form the Panchayati Raj.
Some Other Important facts about Panchayati Raj:
(1) Under the 73rd amendment of Indian Constitution (1992) a three tier Panchayati Raj Organisation has been started in whole India. Provision of Panchayat Elections after 5 years has been made.
(2) The Panchayati Raj Organisation in India inaugrated from Rajasthan (Nagaur) on 20 October 1959 by Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru.
(3) Panchayati Raj Organisation was started due to the recommendations of Balvant Rai Mehta Committee.
The Local Bodies of Cities
(Municipalities and Municipal Corporation)
The local bodies of cities are called Municipalities and Municipal Committees. These are established by - making a-law by the state legislature.
1. Municipal Corporation:- The member or the councilors of the Municipal Corporations are elected by the adult franchise. These representatives elect special members called the elderman. M.C.D. itself imposes and collects taxes and gets annual financial grant from the state government. Its political head is called the Mahapaur or the Mayor. Mayor is elected by members of the Municipal Corporation among themselves. Its Chief administrator is palled the Commissioner. He is appointed by the state government. Delhi Municipal Corporation has 130 members. In India the first Municipal Corporation was formed in Madras.
2. Municipality:- Small cities or towns have municipalities. These are also established like Municipal Corporations by making a law by state legislature. Its Chief Officer is called the Chairman of the Municipality. The members of a municipality are mostly elected by the people of city. The number usually varies between 15 to 60 All these members have the same qualifications as which are essential to become a member of Lok Sabha or Vidhan Sabha. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru himself worked as the Chairman of the Allahabad Municipal Committee during the British Rule.
The functions of Municipal Corporation and the Muncipalities:- Health and other utility services like Cleanliness, Roads, Drainage, Public Convenience, Public Education and Water supply.
Optional Functions:- Maintenance of fire engines, Construction of parks, museums and toilets.
Sources of Income:- Terminal tax or octroi, Property Tax, House Tax, Tax on business and professions etc. By 74th amendment the provision of the elected city local self-government has been made in 1992.
