8.3 Types of personality
Types of Personality :-
1. Kretschmer’s Classification
(i) Pyknic - Individual with this kind of personality are sociable, friendly and good natured and have a tendency to mix easily with others.
(ii) Leptosome- These individuals are shy, weak, introvert and inclined to quietness. They prefer solitude to social contact.
(iii) Athletic- These individuals possess a healthy body and are inclined to be determined in their actions. They are decisive and usually very contented.
(iv) Dyspiastic- Such individuals are hefty, tall and inclined to obesity. They qualities of personality which they possess are a mixture of the qualities mentioned in the foregoing three kinds.
(i) Pyknic - Individual with this kind of personality are sociable, friendly and good natured and have a tendency to mix easily with others.
(ii) Leptosome- These individuals are shy, weak, introvert and inclined to quietness. They prefer solitude to social contact.
(iii) Athletic- These individuals possess a healthy body and are inclined to be determined in their actions. They are decisive and usually very contented.
(iv) Dyspiastic- Such individuals are hefty, tall and inclined to obesity. They qualities of personality which they possess are a mixture of the qualities mentioned in the foregoing three kinds.
2. Endocrine Types of Personality:-
(i) Hyperthroid- Such individuals are very desirous and have a tendency to influence others.
(ii) Hypothyroid- Persons with this personality are lazy and from the mental viewpoint, usually feeble-minded.
(iii) Pituitary- Smiling, humorous, peaceful and tolerant individuals capable of bearing physical and mental suffering fall in this category.
(iv) Adrenary- These individuals mature before the proper time and they often exhibit abnormal features, for instance, women havingbeards and moustaches.
(v) Parathyroid- Individuals in this class are quarrelsome, aggressive, pugnacious and extremely short-tempered.
(vi) Gonard pyher- These individuals, too, are quarrelsome and pugnacious,
(vii) Gonards hypoactive - Persons of this kind are of equable temper, peace-loving by nature and inclined to take interest in art, literature music and cultural activities.
(i) Hyperthroid- Such individuals are very desirous and have a tendency to influence others.
(ii) Hypothyroid- Persons with this personality are lazy and from the mental viewpoint, usually feeble-minded.
(iii) Pituitary- Smiling, humorous, peaceful and tolerant individuals capable of bearing physical and mental suffering fall in this category.
(iv) Adrenary- These individuals mature before the proper time and they often exhibit abnormal features, for instance, women havingbeards and moustaches.
(v) Parathyroid- Individuals in this class are quarrelsome, aggressive, pugnacious and extremely short-tempered.
(vi) Gonard pyher- These individuals, too, are quarrelsome and pugnacious,
(vii) Gonards hypoactive - Persons of this kind are of equable temper, peace-loving by nature and inclined to take interest in art, literature music and cultural activities.
3. Spranger’s Classification:-
Spranger has divided personalities into six classes :-
(i) Theoretical - Philosophers, scientists and inventors fall into this class.
(ii) Economic - Individuals with this kind of personality attach more importance to money, hence this class consists of traders, businessmen, spokeepers etc.
(iii) Aesthetic - This class is comprised of artists, men of literature and other individuals devoted to the fine arts.
(iv) Political - People interested in or participating in politics and administration fall into this category.
(v) Religious - This class includes saints, priests worshippers, devotes, etc. who have deep faith in religion.
(vi) Social - People in this class are individuals who take deep interest in social activities.
Spranger has divided personalities into six classes :-
(i) Theoretical - Philosophers, scientists and inventors fall into this class.
(ii) Economic - Individuals with this kind of personality attach more importance to money, hence this class consists of traders, businessmen, spokeepers etc.
(iii) Aesthetic - This class is comprised of artists, men of literature and other individuals devoted to the fine arts.
(iv) Political - People interested in or participating in politics and administration fall into this category.
(v) Religious - This class includes saints, priests worshippers, devotes, etc. who have deep faith in religion.
(vi) Social - People in this class are individuals who take deep interest in social activities.
(i) Extrovert - The extrovert has a tendency to remain involved in worldly material activities and affairs. He tends to be social and to take special interest in social affairs. He increases acquaintance with others, takes interest in sports and games and pays little attention to his personal wealth or state of health. He achieves quick adjustment with new situations. His self-confidence is noticeable, almost overpowering. Though propaganda, publications or through his art of speaking, he is easily able to impose his views on to others.^Examples of this kind can be seen in such renowned personalities as Alexander, Napoleon, Nehru, Hitler, Shastri and Indira Gandhi etc.
(ii) Introvert - The opposite is the case with the introvert, most of whose attention is centred upon himself. Hehas little interest in worldly affairs or things. He is characterised by a tendency to isolate himself from material objects and situations, love of poetry, hesitation in expressing his views before others, dutifulness, ignorance of social behaviour, etc. Such an individual is deeply interested in, almost lost in himself. He likes to have as little conversation and contact with others as possible. He is easily saddened. Reading of books is one of his commonest habits. His behaviours possesses very little flexibility. He has more skill than the extrovert because, without caring for the world’s opinion he devotes himself to his own work and thus progresses rapidly along his chosen path.
(iii) Ambivert - Individuals of this kind exhibit the characteristics of the introvert in some situations and those the extrovert in other circumstances.
